REDUNDANCY
Redundancy is use the elements than necessary to keep system performance requirements in the event a failure of one or more of these elements. Redundancy is the surest method way to prevent system failure. There four kinds of redundancy are diverse, homogeneous, active and passive.
The diverse redundancy is the use various elements various of different types. Redundancy various is resists towards cause of the failure, but it is a complicated to implement and maintain.
Example 1
Source: It is a print screen obtained from www.google.com
Explanations:
When using Google search engine, there is an alternative to search by voice instead of typing your search. This shows the usage of various inputs to create a particular output; using words and voice. This type of search will be able to maintain the functionality of the search engine, meaning this search engine can still be used if there is damage to the keyboard used for typing.
The diverse redundancy is the use various elements various of different types. Redundancy various is resists towards cause of the failure, but it is a complicated to implement and maintain.
Example 1
Source: It is a print screen obtained from www.google.com
Explanations:
When using Google search engine, there is an alternative to search by voice instead of typing your search. This shows the usage of various inputs to create a particular output; using words and voice. This type of search will be able to maintain the functionality of the search engine, meaning this search engine can still be used if there is damage to the keyboard used for typing.
Homogeneous redundancy is the use of multiple elements of one type. Homogeneous redundancy was rather easy to implement and maintain, but are susceptible to a single cause of its failure that is, the types of sources that lead to failure in one of the elements may cause a failure other redundant elements. The product or design is said to have a decrease usability and functionality.
Example: A multi-socket plug
Source: Taken from FSKPM Lab 1
Explanations: If one of the socket happens to spoil, the function of the other three sockets will not be affected. The multi-socket plug is considered to have a decrease usability since only three out of four power source sockets are usable.
Active redundancy is redundant implementation element at all times. it also enables active element failure, repair, and replacement of with minimal disturbance of the system performance. For example use multiple a pole to support a roof because a distribute expense in all elements such as that the load on each element and the overall system reduce.
Example: The structure supporting the bridge to Student Pavilion
Source: This picture was taken inside UNIMAS, on the way to student pavilion.
Explanations:
The four linear structures emerged from the top of each of the main pillar, as highlighted in the figure shown below, further strengthen the overall structure of the bridge. These structures hold the bridge and at the same time, they grip the ground too.
Example: The structure supporting the bridge to Student Pavilion
Source: This picture was taken inside UNIMAS, on the way to student pavilion.
Explanations:
The four linear structures emerged from the top of each of the main pillar, as highlighted in the figure shown below, further strengthen the overall structure of the bridge. These structures hold the bridge and at the same time, they grip the ground too.
The passive redundancy is excessive only if active elements of the excess fail. It will cause system failed when applied to the elements of is important to the operation the system. For example tire on the vehicle when using a spare tire on the vehicle in the event of a flat tire .The excess is appropriate to passive the elements are not too important, but it would cause the system fail when applied to an element important to the operation of the system.
Example: Extra Buttons on a Formal Shirt
Source: Own
Explanations: When there is any buttons that came off, the extra buttons at the bottom of the shirt serve as the spare. A person can replace the spoiled or lost button with the spare without have the need to worry about the colour and size of the button.